I think it would be better like this: “The court sentenced him to two years jail.” or “The court sentenced him to two years of jail time.”
It’s correct but I think it can be “The court sentenced him for 2 years in jail”
“The court sentenced him 2 years in jail.” is correct, although there are other ways to state the same idea using a similar sentence.
Compare it with this sentence:
The court sentenced him death. – this one sounds more acceptable, right?
Now let’s break this sentence in to parts:
The court (subject), sentenced (verb), him (object of the verb sentenced) and death (modifies the verb sentenced).
Lets now compare it with the parts of your sentence:
The court (subject), sentenced (verb), him (object of the verb sentenced) and 2 years in jail (is a phrase that modifies the verb sentenced).
Both structures above are correct.
I hope this helps clarify your doubt.
Cheers
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I know of no native English speaker who would say “The court sentenced him two years in jail.”
Correct possibilities are:
The court sentenced him to two years in jail.
The court gave him a sentence of two years in jail.
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We should NOT use active way, people often use passive with “sentence(v)” the right sentence is * He was sentenced to 2 years in jail.*